The Educator
 

Bernstein's contribution as a musical educator is monumental. His televised concerts for young people are seen as one of the most significant contributions to music education especially in the U.S. Throughout his life he viewed learning and educating as almost a duty and shared his knowledge and experience to many thousands directly and millions more through television and radio.
 

It was an initiation into the love of learning, of learning how to learn . . . as a matter of interdisciplinary
                     cognition - that is, learning to know something by its relation to something else.
 
The Young People's Concerts were inaugurated on CBS in 1958 with a show entitled 'What Does Music Mean?'. Bernstein started off conducting the William Tell Overture and asked the audience of children what it meant to them. It wasn't about the Lone Ranger, he explained but all about notes - it's a lot of of beautiful notes and sounds put together so well that we get pleasure out of hearing them. The Young People's Concerts became extremely successful, so much so that they ran until 1972, CBS airing the shows at 7.30pm for six years. A whole generation of young people were introduced to and educated in music by an extremely empathetic, enigmatic and energetic teacher.
The Young People's Concerts were the longest running and most popular educational shows Lenny was responsible for but there were others. Before the Young People's Concerts, Bernstein had written and presented seven 'Omnibus' shows on CBS from 1954 to 1958. They were entitled Beethoven's Fifth Symphony, The World of Jazz, The Art of Conducting, American Musical Comedy, Introduction to Modern Music, The Music of Johann Sebastian Bach and What makes Opera Grand ? Immediately after the Young People's Concerts ended in 1972 he took up residence at Harvard as the Charles Eliot Norton Professor of Poetry. In his role he would present six lectures (also televised) drawing a parallel in the development of twentieth century music with Noam Chomsky's theory on the development of language. Chomsky's theory showed how all languages derived from a common basic structural grammar set.
Below is a review of the the Six Talks at Harvard (book format).

The Unanswered Question: Six Talks at Harvard

Annotation (by Artie Samplaski):

This is the book form of the 1973 Norton Lectures, given by Bernstein; video and LP recordings of the lecture series were also released. Bernstein's main concern was to discuss the crisis of music in the twentieth century caused by the abandonment of tonality as the primary organizing force (a viewpoint for which he was vilified). His starting point, however, is Noam Chomsky's theory of transformational grammar, as coming into contact with Chomsky's work had revived his earlier thinking on the possibility of musical universals. Bernstein borrows Chomskian concepts in a liberal fashion for his first three lectures, "Musical Phonology," "Musical Syntax," and "Musical Semantics;" of these, the latter two are the talks most concerned with rhythmic issues. In "Musical Syntax," Bernstein discusses processes of metrical deletion and expansion as transformations leading to an enriched, poetic surface structure. He gives an extended comparison of how such processes, particularly deletion, are used in Shakespeare's Sonnet no. 66 and the opening of Mozart's Symphony no. 40, K. 550 to yield more interesting final products. In "Musical Semantics," Bernstein discusses the use of various rhetorical figures of speech as further transformational devices to provide emphasis and direction to phrases. He gives a fairly detailed analysis of the opening section of the first movement of Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony, showing how the repetition of certain motivic features to expand the phrase length can be viewed rhetorically.

Throughout his life, Bernstein championed Tanglewood, set up by his mentor Serge Koussevitzky. He taught many classes at Tanglewood and was instrumental in the setting up of what was planned to be the European equivalent in the region of Schleswig-Holstein in Germany. At the end of his life the triumvirate was complete with the formation of the Japanese equivalent in Sapporo.
 

                                Bibliography

Author: Ewen, David
Title: Leonard Bernstein, a biography for young people.
Published: Philadelphia, Chilton Co., Book Division [1960]
Description: 174 p. illus. 22 cm.

Author: Briggs, John
Title: Leonard Bernstein; the man, his work, and his world.
Published: Cleveland, World Pub. Co. [1961]
Description: 274 p. illus. 22 cm.

Author: Bernstein, Leonard
Title: Young people's concerts, for reading and listening.
Drawings by Isadore Seltzer.
Published: New York, Simon and Schuster, 1962.
in 33 1/3 rpm. microgroove) in box.

Author: Bernstein, Leonard
Title: The infinite variety of music.
Published: New York, Simon and Schuster [c1966]
Description: 286 p. illus., music, ports. 24 cm.

Author: Reidy, John P.
Title: Leonard Bernstein, by John P. Reidy and Norman Richards.
Published: Chicago, Childrens Press [c1967]
Description: 95 p. illus., ports. 29 cm.

Author: Gruen, John.
Title: The private world of Leonard Bernstein. Photos by Ken
Heyman.
Published: New York, Viking Press [1968]
Description: 191 p. illus., ports. 30 cm.

Author: Bernstein, Leonard
Title: The Joy of Music.
Published: London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1968.
Description: 303 p. illus., music. 25 cm.

Author: Cone, Molly.
Title: Leonard Bernstein. Illustrated by Robert Galster.
Published: New York, Crowell [1970]
Description: 30 p. illus. (part col.) 24 cm.

Author: Ames, Evelyn (Perkins)
Title: A wind from the West; Bernstein and the New York
Philharmonic abroad [by] Evelyn Ames. Photos. by Bert Bial.
Published: Boston, Houghton Mifflin Co., 1970.
Description: xiv, 169 p. illus. 22 cm.

Author: Weber, J. F.
Title: Leonard Bernstein / J. F. Weber.
Published: Utica, N.Y. : Weber, 1975.
Description: ii, 16 p. ; 28 cm.

Author: Bernstein, Leonard
Title: The unanswered question : six talks at Harvard / Leonard Bernstein.
Published: Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard University Press, 1976.
Description: 428 p. : ill. ; 21 x 24 cm. & 3 discs (33 1/3 rpm. mono. 7 in.).

Author: Gottlieb, Jack.
Title: Leonard Bernstein : a complete catalogue of his works
celebrating his 60th birthday, August 25, 1978 / compiled by Jack Gottlieb.
Published: [New York] : Amberson Enterprises : Boosey & Hawkes,
sole selling agent, c1978.
Description: 68 p. : ill. ; 25 cm.

Author: Bernstein, Leonard
Title: Findings
Published: London Macdonald 1982
Pagination: 376p ill music,ports 24cm

Author:  Robinson, Paul
Title: The art of the conductor
Published: London Macdonald 1982
Pagination: 152p,[8]p of plates ports 23cm

Author: Peyser, Joan.
Title: Leonard Bernstein
Pulished: London Bantam 1987
Pagination: 430p,[32]p of plates ports,1facsim

Author: Freedland, Michael.
Title: Leonard Bernstein
Published: London Harrap 1987
Pagination: 273p,[32]p ill of plates ports 25cm

Author: Gradenwitz, Peter
Title: Leonard Bernstein the infinite variety of a musician
Published: Leamington Spa Berg 1987
Pagination: 310p ill ports 22cm

Author: Chapin, Schuyler
Title: Leonard Bernstein : notes from a friend
Published: New York Walker 1992
Description: xii, 178 p

Author: Burton, Humphrey.
Title: Leonard Bernstein
Published: London : Faber and Faber, 1994.
Pagination:  xiv, 594 p., [32] p. of plates ; 24 cm.

Title: Conversations about Bernstein / edited and with an introduction by William
Westbrook Burton.
Published: New York ; Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1995.
Pagination: xxxv, 198 p,[14]p of plates ill ports 22 cm.

Author: Secrest, Meryle.
Title: Leonard Bernstein : a life
Published: London : Bloomsbury, 1995.

Author :Venezia, Mike.
Title: Leonard Bernstein / written and illustrated by Mike Venezia.
Published: New York ; London : Children's Press, c1997.
Pagination: 32p ill (some col.) ports 25cm cased
 

N.B. The above are either the U.S. or U.K. published versions.
Please let me know of any omissions or errors.
 

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